5XXX series of aluminum alloys are a category of novel alloys suitable for construction of ship hulls and the topside structures of offshore platforms.Within different 5XXX aluminum alloys, AA5083 is of great importance which is extensively used in ship construction industry. In the present study, formability of AA5083-H111 aluminum alloy is investigated at room temperature using uni-axial tensile tests and hydraulic bulge tests. Tensile tests were performed to evaluate material anisotropy in different directions with respect to rolling direction.Anisotropy coefficients were then used to correct flow stress curves obtained by balanced biaxial bulge tests. Moreover, flow stress curves obtained from both tests were separately introduced to an explicit commercial finite element code.Comparisons showed that numerical simulation carried out in this study stand in according with empirical results.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new technique for row spacing measurement in a wire array using giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensor. The self-rectifying property of the GMR-based probes leads to accurately detection of the magnetic field fluctuations caused by surface-breaking cracks in conductive materials, shape-induced magnetic anisotropy, etc. The ability to manufacture probes having small dimensions and high sensitivity (11 mV/mT) to low magnetic fields over a broad frequency range (from dc up to 1 MHz) enhances the spatial resolution of such a probe that is applicable to eddy current testing (ECT) techniques. Here, an AC uniform magnetic field is formed using a Helmholtz coil in which by scanning the probe over an array of acupuncture needles, the distances between them are detected. The results verified the possibility and the performance of the proposed row spacing measurement using GMR sensor.

Thermomechanical control process steel produced by rolling has a significant anisotropy. The elongated grains and inclusions formed during hot rolling of ferrite and low carbon HSLA steels directly influence the anisotropy of the steel's mechanical properties as a result of microstructural anisotropy. The present research deals with this anisotropy, and particular attention has been paid to the tensile and Charpy V-notched behavior and microscopic properties. The mechanical response of a 25 mm thick rolled plate of S355N steel was characterized. The results of Charpy tests of V-notched specimens of the through-thickness direction were found to be considerably temperature-dependent and also to vary in the longitudinal and the transverse directions. Marked anisotropy effects were observed, with the through-thickness orientation exhibiting a tensile response lower than that of the longitudinal and transverse ones. These experimental findings were rationalized using the correlation holding among inclusion distribution, reduction area percent, and banding of the microstructure.

Anisotropy of sand is mainly due to the geometrical arrangement of particles that ‎depends on the orientation of applied load respect to the bedding plane. It is ‎geologically due to micro-fabric created by the arrangement of the particles ‎configured during deposition. Most of the models developed using stress/strain ‎invariants are not capable of identifying this kind of anisotropy. This is mainly ‎because stress/strain invariants are quantities not capable of carrying directional ‎information with them selves. The main objective of this paper is to outline a ‎methodology for modeling the elastic-plastic behavior of an inherently anisotropy ‎arising form certain kind of plane of deposition. The constitutive equations of the ‎model are derived within the context of elastic behavior of the whole medium and ‎plastic sliding of interfaces of predefined multi-planes, following the framework of ‎working with six stress/strain components and not missing the directional effects. The ‎formulation incorporates explicitly the notion of the preferred direction, which defines ‎the orientation of the material fabric. The proposed multi-plane based model is ‎capable of predicting the behavior of soils on the basis of plastic sliding mechanisms, ‎elastic behavior of particles and possibilities to see the micro-fabric effects as natural ‎anisotropy as well as induced anisotropy in plasticity. The model is capable of ‎predicting the behavior of soil under different orientation of bedding plane, history of ‎strain progression during the application of any stress/strain paths. The influences of ‎rotation of the direction of principal stress and strain axes and induced anisotropy are ‎included in a rational way without any additional hypotheses. The spatial strength ‎distribution at a location as an approximation of probable mobilized sliding ‎mechanism is proposed as a ellipsoid function built up on bedding plane‏.‏